Forensic Psychology

Forensic psychology is the use of science based on the mind and behavior relating to law and legal matters (Nordqvist, 2009 & â€Å"Forensic Psychology,† 2010). The word psychology comes from the Greek word psyche meaning â€Å"breathe, spirit, soul†, and the Greek word logia meaning the study of something. The use of psychology dates back to 44 B. C during the assassination of Julius Caesar (â€Å"History of Forensic Psychology,† n. d. ). In 1879 Wilhelm Wundt, originally from Germany, founded psychology as an actually independent experimental field of study.He set up the first aboratory that carried out psychological research exclusively at Leipzig University. Wundt is known today as the father of psychology (Nordqvist, 2009). Forensic psychology involves sentencing criminals, determines guilt or innocence, eyewitness accuracy, and assists in the profiling of criminals (Nordqvist, 2009). In forensic psychology criminal profiling or also known as psychological p rofiling is a key factor in the criminal investigation.The main purpose of criminal profiling is to provide the police with a psychological profile of the personality of the perpetrator that could then be used to direct the investigative search. It also involves investigating an offender's behavior, motives and background in an attempt to turtner guide an investigation. Research shows that offender's that repeatedly rape or kill are driven by a sensitive public fear for their actions and media attention, which could eventually lead to their arrest. Analyzing the criminal's habits and customs allows investigators to trace similarities between previous crimes.When these details of their lifestyle are made public, friends, neighbors and colleagues may recognize them (Psychological Profiling, 2005. ) In homicide case, for example, FBI agents gather personality report through questions about the murderer's behavior. During this investigation four main phases are put into play to profile a suspect such as antecedent, method and manner, body disposal, and post offensive behavior. The first is antecedent: what fantasy or plan, or both, did the murderer have in place before the act?What triggered the murderer to act some days and not others? The second is method and manner: What type of victim or victims did the murderer select? What was the method and manner of murder: shooting, stabbing, strangulation or something else? The third is body disposal: Did the murder and ody disposal take place all at one scene, or multiple scenes? The last is post offense behavior: Is the murderer trying to inject himself into the investigation by reacting to media reports or contacting investigators? (Winerman, 2010. Each step helps analyze the suspect and brings forth new information needed to crack the case. Investigators use this technique often in all types of cases usually the cases dealing with the murder of an individual or more. The first documented case using criminal profiling was in the year of 1940 in New York City. This profile dealt with a â€Å"The Mad Bomber†(or F. P. he initials he used to sign his mysterious, paranoid letters) named George Metesky responsible for a series of random bombing attacks across New York within 16 years. (Winerman, 2010. Due to the success of George Meteskys criminal profile, which profile in every detail was matched, he was found insane and committed to the Mattawan asylum for the criminally insane (Madden, 2010). In another case forensic psychology was used to help solve the murder of two year old James Bulger. In this case the suspects were the ones you least expected to even commit such a daring act. On February 12, 1993 little James Bulger was kidnapped rom a shopping store while with his mother by two ten year old boys Robert Thompson and Jon Venables.The two boys raped, beat, and tortured young James and left him to die. Detectives found him left on a railway line brutally beaten on both his face and head o n February 14. Robert and Jon were profiled as adults because both knew the difference between right and wrong. Both Robert Thompson and Jon Venables were charged on February 20, 1993 with abduction and murder although they were found guilty of the murder of Bulger on the 24 of November making them the youngest convicted murderers in modern English history.

Boeing Case Essay

1. Why did Boeing adopt the radical change approach for designing and developing the 787 Dreamliner? What were the risks? In your opinion, was it a good move? Defend your choice. Boeing adopted the radical change approach for designing and developing the 787 Dreamliner because they were in competition with Airbus and needed a new approach in which they could use innovation to stand out upon their competitiors. Boeing was looking to reduce manufacturing costs and development times. Boeing took an aggressive approach to apply their techniques. There was not enough time to fully establish the project or to even communicate with vendors. The project was delayed mainly because of their global supply chain network. Boeing did not have the necessary technology to fulfill the needs of the 787 Dreamliner which unfortunately caused it to have many delays and problems. In my opinion, this was not a very good decision. It was a financial burden to the company and caused unnecessary stress on the company as a whole. They were left with no choice but to make up for the losses to airlines that purchased the 787 Dreamliner. 2. Using the Silo Perspective versus Business Process Perspective, analyze the Dreamliner program. When analyzing the Dreamliner program using the silo perspective, we can see that the program had difficulty communicating between Boeing and its vendors. However, the silo perspective was good for individual departments within the company. It increased efficiency within these departments, but created processes of supply chains to become incompatible. The plan at Boeing was to use various suppliers in which would each have expertise over the different parts of the plane to quicken the process, when it reality it delayed it extremely. When looking at the business persceptive, Boeing needed IS to monitor the connection with their vendors, resolving problems in a shorter time frame. 3. What are your conclusions about the design of the integrated supply chain? Give some specific ideas about what could have been done to integrate it  better. The design of the integrated supply chain lacked a control system that was able to monitor the designing, planning, and manufacturing, as well as the suppliers. There was too many vendors in the supply chain, which ultimately caused it to fail. To integrate the supply chain better, Boeing needed to have a full understanding of supply chain management and monitor it closely using IS. Supply chain management is the flow of goods. Boeing could have been tracking the movement and storage of the parts of the planes. They also could have been tracking what their vendors were doing and when by having them record down specific times and dates that they were working on the parts. Lastly, they would have been able to keep track of the overall time it took to make each part. With this information they could have been able to find more efficient ways to build the parts. All of these would be done through IS and would have caused the Dreamliner from failing. 4. If you were the program manager, what would you have done differently to avoid the problems faced by the Dreamliner program? If I were the program manager, I would have looked to establish a manufacturing factory that focused solely on production of the parts for the plane. This way, more attention would be paid to the specific parts and communication between the vendors would have been more effective. This factory would need employees which would be skilled in their specific function and that would be able to produce the parts in a timely and efficient way. Enforcing more guidelines will ensure that the vendors are able to get their jobs done. It is also important to plan for the future, because the Dreamliner held high expectations it was in high demand. Boeing should have predicted an increase in orders and better prepared themselves for what was about to come their way. An IS would have helped to track data that would have been useful in determining the projection of the Dreamliner.

Family values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Family values - Essay Example I also believe that the non-existence of corporal punishment will enhance changes in my daughter, including social or other aspects in her life. Therefore, in my decision not to incorporate corporal punishment norms as a consequence of development within the boundaries of raising a child, there is always a necessity for me to systematize the procedure of teaching by example for my daughter. It is a known idea that teaching by example has an impact on behavior rather than the outputs of a child. But nevertheless, as an end-result of my efficient ideals on raising children, belief and acceptance of the holistic development of my daughter is always easy and worry-free. On the other hand, I was raised in a family where corporal punishment existed and where I was rarely given a chance. In order to optimize my development, my parents always controlled my academic learning with great knowledge and effectiveness. However, I was seldom enabled to be participative in doing work-based choices to further improve my decision-making skills and capabilities. I can say that the inappropriately implemented and my dysfunctional participation within my family failed to improve my productivity. Likewise, the existence of corporal punishment within our family instilled more fear on me than learning. With the existence of consistent threats, the imbalance of outputs and my incomplete development paved the way for me to reverse the situation in raising my daughter. For example, the objective to develop the proper attitudes and behavior of my daughter in order to guarantee her development and necessary growth includes me teaching by example in order for her to follow in the midst of confusion. My ideals and dedication to teach my daughter with the proper ideals to guarantee her good upbringing are always in my mind and is fortunately being managed well by my daughter. The change, formulation, inspiration, improvement and empowerment of my daughter significantly rely on my proper upbringing and child-raising ideals. To my Teen-aged Daughter: I am writing to you a letter to share to you my ideas with regards to the statement that, "Family values change as society changes. As a result, ideas about how children should be raised change." You are my only daughter and you know I was raised in a family of six. I have many ideals about raising children, but the two that stand out the most and what I used to bring you up include no threats and never degrading you. You and I know that majority of the triumphant activities that you have rely tremendously on the excellent interpersonal interaction and relationship that both you and I have. I am always bounded with a unified objective of not to threaten nor degrade you, that's why I realized that the control of your developments as a teen-ager must be always coordinated with the individuals that will help you succeed and will never degrade you during the hardest times. I believe my effort in discussing with you my objective of not threatening or degrading you as part of your development under guidance is always important. Interaction is the highly recommended way that we always use. Obtaining my trust and your trust and managing a smooth parent-child relationship is always a critical factor to your holistic development, and

Rhetorical Analysis paper on air pollution in China Essay

Rhetorical Analysis paper on air pollution in China - Essay Example King’s goal is to convince the audience that air pollution in China paves way for new opportunities of investment and profitability. King has adopted the style of a guide in the article for the audience. In this article, King has made a very structured approach to guide the audiences through his argument in that he has also proposed how to approach the topic; he has suggested what to think at a particular point while reading the article as â€Å"Hold that thought, while you consider another point† (King, 2013). Likewise, he says, â€Å"I'll discuss this in a moment. First, however, let's take a look at† (King, 2013). Not only does King suggest the audiences when to think what, but he also openly tells which point needs more thinking and which should just be ignored; â€Å"And don't chuckle at that idea† (King, 2013). He has used this structured and guided-thought strategy to make the audiences think exactly on the lines that he wants them to think on so that by the time they reach the article’s end, they consent with what King that it is possible to make profit from the rising level of air pollution in China. King has emphasized on particular words and incorporated emotional appeals in the article by using different word formatting to reflect their importance e.g. â€Å"Bad means BAD† (King, 2013).... Occasionally, King has exaggerated problems to make the audience see through his lens e.g. â€Å"the words 'air pollution' and China are almost one and the same† (King, 2013); obviously they are not the same for had they been same, they would have been synonyms. One can sense the high level of sarcasm embedded at several such points in the article. At another point, King says, â€Å"drivers can't see where they're going† (King, 2013); obviously it is very unlikely for the air pollution to rise to a level where the drivers can even not see where they are going. However, these effects do make the article more interesting and help the audience understand the gravity of the problem which is one of the goals of King. In order to emphasize his argument, King has made use of numerous examples that suggest rise in the air pollution in China. These examples include but are not limited to increase in the number of road accidents, delayed flights because of low visibility from air pollution, clogging of hospitals in Beijing from people suffering from lung ailments, cancellation of the outdoor activities by schools, and stores running short of out-face masks. These examples reflect as pictures in the minds of the audience as they read the article. While King notes several statistics to show rise in the air pollution in China e.g. reading for air pollution given by the air monitor on top of the US Embassy in Beijing, China and its comparison to the average reading to show how far pollution has exceeded, King has not given in-text citations or a references section to facilitate the audience in locating the sources of the statistics he uses. There are several points where he has made statements without supporting them with adequate sources. For example, King says, â€Å"The worst of

Interaction design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Interaction design - Essay Example The product would be equipped with a special â€Å"car mode†, which would be activate by the user when entering a car and would therefore read any text messages receive with the simple touch of a button. An ear piece could also be attached if the individual was to be travelling with someone else and wished to keep his or her conversation a secret. This idea comes from many personal experiences with talking to others via text messaging and running into problems as a result of this. Text messaging is a popular form of communication for individuals while they are at work because it lessens the risk of a boss hearing them talking on the phone to a friend. At the same time, however, if this individual is talking to someone who is not in a position where he or she can safely read a message, problems and safety issues can arise. This product is designed in order to alleviate these unneeded dangers, because people simply will not sit and wait until they stop or reach a red light in order to check their messages. In today’s fast-paced society, people wish to communicate and receive information as quickly as possible and this product makes it possible for this to occur in a safe manner. The competitors for this artefact would be other cell phone companies that already contain a multitude of features. For example, many cell phones now contain mp3 players, video cameras, and other premium technologies that were previously thought to be impossible to be included in a cell phone. A cell phone like the BlackBerry ® Pearlâ„ ¢ 8100 smart phone â€Å"includes a camera, a media player, and BlackBerry ® Maps (Discover Blackberry) and could be a possible competitor because of its wide range of uses. Another possible competitor, as it is a multi-purpose phone, is the iPhone, which â€Å"combines three products — a revolutionary mobile phone, a widescreen iPod with touch controls, and a breakthrough Internet

Request for letter of recommendation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Request for letter of recommendation - Essay Example As the class representative for the labor relations course, I consulted with you personally one several occasions. Besides my good academic performance and active leadership roles in your class, I also received your commendations on my punctuality. It is my hope that you will explicitly mention these positive attributes in my recommendation letter. Deadline for submission of the recommendation letter is in exactly three weeks from the date on this letter’s addresses. Expectedly, failure to meet the submission deadline will result in rejection of my graduate school application. Therefore, kindly complete formulating the letter approximately one week before the mentioned deadline. In case of any other relevant requirements for the graduate school application in future, I will rely on your sincere willingness to assist me. All the urgent details concerning the requested recommendation letter are contained therein. However, I will be available for response through my email or on phone whenever necessary. Kindly find time out of your tight schedule to facilitate the materialization of my request. Thank you for your efforts and understanding, and I am looking forward to receiving your confirmation to assist me. Best

Risk management and insuranc Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Risk management and insuranc - Assignment Example Secondly, the risk discovered is then measured in terms of the impact it can cause if it was to occur. That is done by estimating the frequency and severity of the risk. Alternative solutions are then examined to come up with the best way of solving the risk. The step puts more emphasis on how to deal with the risk and the most affordable alternative as well as choosing the most effective method to deal with the risk. The fourth step involves making a decision on which alternative to apply in order to manage the risk entirely. Risk managers come up with a conclusion of which method to use and, as a result, implement it. Potential methods are applied to either control or prevent the occurrence of a risk. After applying the solution, managers monitor the results of the activity performed to ensure quality work and fair progress of the risk management process. Managers also find the needed resources to fund the process (Outreville, 2014). Finally, the process ends up with an evaluation step. After implementing the alternative, an analysis is undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of the method towards managing risk. When it comes to comparing social security programs in different countries, one would be referring to the systems used by various countries to maintain the social security benefits programs. Comparing Australia and Mexico, both have employed new strategies of increasing the revenue they generate to support the programs. Australia has indeed increased the retirement age of women from 60 to 65 (Zavora, & Chepurny, 2014). The country has also strengthened the ways of determining whether an individual qualifies for age pension as well as instituting asset-based tests to help in the process. In Mexico, things seem to change a bit since the government has increased the year earnings as well as the contribution rates to

Marketing survey Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing survey - Assignment Example Inappropriate drug intake or when dosages are not properly monitored may have also resulted to this figure so it remains safe to claim that it is alright to try the drug provided that prescriptions followed with regular checkups and consultation to a reliable specialist are held in cautious regard. Q2: A new cancer drug was released on the market, 2,400 people out of 3000 died and the remaining 600 were cured shortly after the drug was administered. How likely are you to take the drug. 1-9 is absolutely Not. 10 is give the drug. In this case, I would most probably be on the 1-9 scale and doubt many aspects of the newly released drug. Since 2,400 is quite an alarming poll out of 3,000 then people may be inclined to think of the drug’s adverse effects besides issues on inefficiency and incompatibility. The remainder of those who recovered may have used the drug only up to a certain extent and might have had other means of medication. So, more extensive studies and research must be taken into account in analyzing the properties of the cancer drug from this phase prior to further

Management Consultant Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management Consultant Industry - Essay Example There has been a lot of criticism of consultants, consulting companies as well as consulting as a profession. This also spurred a large number of jokes and sarcastic comments being made on consultants, one of them being ‘All that management consultants do is to borrow their clients' watches and tell them the time, then send in a huge bill’. Many articles have also been penned on various unethical practices being carried out by consultants especially in big consulting firms (Kitay & Wright 2004, Pinault 2000). While some amount of criticism is valid and makes sense, a large part is also exaggerated. This essay aims to critically analyze both sides of the picture before arriving at the do’s and don’ts for a successful marriage between business and consulting. Criticism against Consultants (Stage 3- Root Definition) Consulting by nature is a service industry and hence its deliverables are highly intangible and subjective (Lemann 1999). Therefore, different bus iness organizations have different evaluation of work done by consultants for them. Consultants generally charge a very high fee. Many times, their recommendations actually lead to worsening of conditions. Moreover, consultants have the inclination to implement or suggest certain standard solutions which have developed in their own organizations or are generally used best practices in the industry. Hence, they don’t make it a point to customize the solution for a particular organization or come up with a new solution. (Pringle 1998). Consultants are often seen focusing on latest management fads in the market or using fashionable business jargon to impress the clients but which may have no implications on the output (Clark & Salaman 1998, Pinault 2000). A large number of consulting projects have simply failed to deliver the results while many others lost touch with reality mid-way and had to be scrapped (Klenter & Mollgard 2006, Seidl & Mohe 2007). In many cases, implementatio n of the consultants’ advice has produced disastrous circumstances for an organization (Byrne 2002). Ferdinand Piech, former CEO of Volkswagen, even went to the extent of saying that â€Å"If you want to ruin a company, you only have to try fixing it with the help of external consultants† (Seidl & Mohe 2007). Analysis of Client- Consultant interaction through CATWOE approach Let us understand the client consultant relationship through CATWOE approach proposed by Checkland (Williams 2005). a. Customers: The customers here would be the end consumers the client caters to. For example, for a steel manufacturer people buying utensils may be the customer. The impact of the client consultant relationship on the customers may occur in the medium to long term. b. Actors: Actors would be the consultants or consulting firm who enable the transformation. The role of consultants is the most significant for the success of this relationship. Now days, consultants work in teams which comprise members of the client side as well. Therefore, in such cases certain client side employees are also actors. c. Transformation: The transformation is the conversion from an unsolved problem to a well laid out solution. The solution may be a suggestion, recommendation, documentation, model or an end to end implementation depending upon the nature and scope of work. d. Weltanschauung: The compensation of the consu

Undercover Police Work Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Undercover Police Work - Essay Example when unaccountability in such an area may lead to impractical situations, thereby defeating the aim and purpose of such an act being authorized in the first place. As for ethics, secret operations may be criticized on the basis that such they interfere with a person’s right to privacy and goes on tamper and infringe other’s right. This would be apparent in situations where such acts are found to be on erroneous or based on incorrect information. Furthermore, such acts lead to moral uncertainties. As such operations may lead to corruption of the police officer, disciplinary problems and psychological issues. These are clear cut suggestions that ethical problems do arise when undercover police operations take place. Even though it may be argued that facilitative operations and authorized criminality are necessary for upkeep of law, there are clear cut ethical as well as practical issues, some of which might be tackled and borne in mind before supporting such

Assignment in English Essay Example for Free

Assignment in English Essay A good listener can easily respond if he/she possesses an effective listening if they can evaluate the meanings, sound patterns and the vocabulary of each words. (Rost, 2002) defines listening, in its broadest sense, as a process of receiving what the speaker actually says (receptive orientation); constructing and representing meaning (constructive orientation); negotiating meaning with the speaker and responding (collaborative orientation); and, creating meaning through involvement, imagination and empathy (transformative orientation). In the process of communication, 40% came from listening while speaking have only 35%. It means that listening is the most important tool in communication process. It may become ineffective if the listener have some difficulties in recognizing the sound pattern and the structure of each words. It may also affect the communication procedure when there is misunderstanding to the speaker through its barriers which is the noise. And most of the time, the listener itself lose their attention and interest to the topic which can affects the relationship between the speaker and listener. So they should motivate their listeners so that they will continue in delivering their messages to their respective audience. There are three levels of listening; each is characterized by certain behaviors that affect listening effectiveness. Level 1 has the highest potential for understanding, retention and effective communication; level 3 has the lowest. These are general categories to help us understand our listening; they overlap and interchange depending on the situation. All of us listen at different levels of effectiveness throughout the day, as the circumstances and people around us change. For example, it is difficult for most people to listen effectively in the midst of a highly conflicted situation, when they are dealing with emotional people, when they are being criticized, when they are being corrected, or when they are feeling fearful, anxious, or angry. Others listen very effectively when they are working or ministering, only to tune out when they arrive home. These are the three levels of listening; a. ) the active listening that gives the full attention to listening when another is talking and focuses on what is being said and doesn’t allow the distraction but fully alert and engaged; b. the passive listening where the listener hears words but does not really listen because he couldn’t really understand the significance of what is being said; and c. ) the non-listening where the listener’s attention and response is not real and he/she pays attention to himself and own thoughts. Very few people spend most of their time listening at level 1. Most of us listen at all three levels over the course of a day, but the more we listen at level 1, the more effective we will be as leaders. Listening is a five-step process consisting of listening preparation, receiving, constructing meaning, responding, and remembering (Hybels Weaver, 2007). The first three steps are crucial. Skipping a step can be disastrous. How accurate of a response can be derived without first preparing to listen followed by receiving information? There could not be enough information to accurately construct a meaning. The first step, preparation, is the foundation for listening. Having the proper mindset and environment are critical. The second step in the active process of listening is receiving. A number of processes involved in comprehension are intrapersonal; that is, they take place inside your head. This section familiarizes you with the nature of human information processing and the concept of inner speech. c. Remembering There has been a great deal of research on memory. Remembering is essential if you intend to apply what you have heard in future situations. This chapter acquaints you with the three basic memory systems and the work that has been done in listening training and assessment with regard to the memory process. d. Interpreting When you interpret message you do two things. First, you take into accounts the total communication context so that you are better able to understand the meaning of what is said from the speaker’s point of view. Your ability to empathize, or to see a situation from the other person’s perspective, requires that you pay attention to emotional meaning and to the communicate context. Second, effective listeners let their partners know that they have been understood. e. Evaluating You listen from a unique point of view and are influenced by your perceptual filters- your past experiences, attitudes, personal values, and predispositions.

Elizabeth Woodville Essay Example for Free

Elizabeth Woodville Essay -Elizabeth meets Edward IV as he rides through her town. Elizabeth marries Edward IV in secret three days before he goes off to battle. Edward IV wins the battle and officially becomes King of England. -Elizabeth’s marriage to Edward is formally announced, angering many of Edward’s advisors. -Elizabeth has three daughters. -Elizabeth’s father and brother are taken by Warwick’s army and are beheaded. Her mother is also accused of witchcraft. -Elizabeth curses Lord Warwick and Duke George. -Elizabeth enters sanctuary as Edward goes once again to battle. -Elizabeth has a son named Edward. -Elizabeth also has another son named Richard. Also a short while later another named George. -Elizabeth sends her son Edward to Wales with her brother Anthony. -Her son George dies along with her mother. -Elizabeth has her last two children Catherine and Bridget. -Takes her children into sanctuary not trusting Richard to protect them. Richard captures Elizabeth’s brother Anthony, her son Edward, and her son Richard Grey. -Elizabeth’s marriage to Edward is declared invalid. -Elizabeth attempts to organize an uprising against Richard III. -Elizabeth is told that Richard III has killed her sons Edward and Richard. She does not believe this. -Elizabeth finally believes that her son Edward is dead. -Elizabeth after agreeing that her daughter will marry Richard III she sends for her son Richard and he is restored to her. The climax of Elizabeth’s character is when she finally believes that her son Edward is dead (489). This is because throughout the book her goal has been to make sure that one of her sons becomes the King of England. After this point she seems to come to terms with the fact that her family had its time in power and there is no more that she can do to further her family’s power. Elizabeth’s character goes through many changes throughout the novel. She begins not wanting to further herself in the royal court simply to get her husband’s lands returned to her. But when she finds herself falling in love with the king she gets a taste of the power of the Queen of England and cannot seem to give it up even when she could have saved many people by surrendering the throne. Edward IV -While riding out to battle meets Elizabeth Woodville and her two sons. -Calls for troops to muster and in doing so sees Elizabeth again and asks her to marry him in secret. -Edward wins the battle against King Henry VI, officially becoming King of England. -The King announces his marriage to Elizabeth and calls her to court. -His most trusted advisor the Earl of Warwick turns against him and puts his support behind Edward’s brother George Duke of Clarence. -Edward is captured by Richard Neville the Earl of Warwick’s army. Edward is released by the Earl of Warwick. -Edward is once again called to battle against Warwick, and Edward wins. Edward and his two brothers kill the old King Henry VI in the tower of London. -Edward learns of George’s plot against him and has him executed for treason. -Edward becomes ill. -On his deathbed he makes his advisors and his wife promise to work to protect his son and work together. -Edward dies leaving his brother Richard, as Royal protector. The climax for Edward’s character is when he becomes ill (341). His character in the story has been centered on him growing from a young naà ¯ve boy to a man of the world. He reverts back to his childish ways when he becomes sick. â€Å"As if he were still a boy and could take such risks with his health† (340). This is the climax because from this point on he tries to reconcile everything he can but ultimately fails in doing so before he dies. Edward’s character undergoes many changes throughout the portion of his life that is illustrated in this novel. He began as a young man who believed he was invincible and saw Elizabeth as the most beautiful lady in the country and felt that he had to have her. During his life in the novel he grows to understand that he is not invincible and he becomes very scared. This shows not that he was unintelligent at the beginning; he simply had not seen the terrors of the world yet. Then at the end of his life he returned to his childlike persona and tells Elizabeth â€Å"I am afraid again† (342). Shortly thereafter he dies. Part 2: Plot * Edward and Elizabeth meet and are married in secret. * Edward wins a battle against the old King Henry IV and becomes the official King of England. * Edward tells his advisor Richard Neville, the Earl of Warwick that he is already married when Warwick tries to make him marry someone else. * Edward and Elizabeth have three daughters named, Elizabeth, Cecily, and Anne. * Warwick creates an uprising in England to usurp Edward IV and make George the Duke of Clarence king of England. * Warwick kills Elizabeth’s father and her brother. Warwick also captures but eventually releases Edward IV. * Elizabeth has a son named Edward. He becomes Edward the Prince of Wales. * King Edward with his brothers defeats Warwick in another battle. * Together Edward and Elizabeth have four more children. Only three survive past the age of two. * King Edward IV dies, leaving as his heir Edward the Prince of Wales under the protection of his brother Richard. * Elizabeth takes what is left of her family and moves into Westminster Abbey claiming sanctuary. * Richard declares Elizabeth and Edward’s marriage invalid and therefore he is the rightful heir to the throne. * Elizabeth receives news that Richard III has killed her sons. But does not believe that it is true. * Elizabeth sends her daughters to court after she finally understands that her son Edward most likely not returning to her. * Elizabeth’s daughter Elizabeth falls in love with Richard III. * Elizabeth’s daughter gains Elizabeth the right to return to court with her son if he is in hiding. Which he is. * Elizabeth’s son Richard is returned to her. The climax of the novel is when Elizabeth says â€Å"If Edward is alive, then pray God he will find his way to me. And there will always be a candle in the window to light his way home, and my door will never be locked, in case one day it is his hand on the latch.’ ‘But you don’t expect him anymore?’ ‘I don’t expect him’† (489). This is the climax because Elizabeth does not need her son to be King anymore she simply wants him to be alive. She seems to have given up her ambition to be mother of the heir to England. Part III: Symbolism/Theme Theme I: Loyalty is always changing; therefore do not expect anything from someone without giving them something in return. Theme II: Ambition Theme III: There can be no peace when fighting is within families. â€Å"These are hard times, and England is a country of sorrows. No mother can be sure that she will not bury her sons. When a country is at war, cousin against cousin, brother against brother, no boy is safe† (133). This is a theme of the novel because Symbol I: The Tower of London represents false security. This symbol can be tied to the theme that no one is safe when fighting is between families. Symbol II: The white rose represents loyalty to the House of York but it is also represents hidden loyalties because in this time Loyalties could be seemingly to the house of York but really to the House of Lancaster. The white rose represents the theme of changing Loyalties. Symbol III: The River represents that even in Death life goes on. Part IV: Figurative Language 1. â€Å"It is an enchantment? You are Melusina? A beautiful goddess bathing in the woods and he that just departed was a knight sworn to your service? This is Camelot now? An honorable love?† (58). The allusions to both Melusina and Camelot enhance this passage in showing Elizabeth’s brother Anthony’s point of view on the marriage of Elizabeth to Edward. He was against it and used the allusions to compare well known love stories of Guinevere and Lancelot to show Elizabeth that her marriage was not honorable and was not for love. 2. â€Å"No one knows better than she how to plow the furrow that is Royal England† (77). This metaphor enhances the novel by comparing the royal court to a narrow trench; it is like saying that there is only a small margin for error in anything small and tight. Thus, by comparing the Court to a furrow, the metaphor is characterizing the Court of England as a small tight group of people not likely to accept mistakes. 3. â€Å"It is as if there are ghosts here. Are my boys staying here tonight?† (97). This statement is foreshadowing because Elizabeth instantly dislike the Tower of London but cannot say entirely why, but as illustrated through her question about her children it is somehow connected to them and as the story goes on the reader learns that her son dies in the tower. 4. â€Å"At once she takes a pair of silver scissors from her pocket and cuts the other two threads so whatever was tied on is swept away into the dark waters. ‘What were they?’ ‘They are the things that will never happen; they are the future we will never know. They are the children who will not be born and the chances that we won’t take and the luck that we won’t have,’ she says. ‘They are gone. They are lost to you. See instead what you have chosen.’† (143). This exchange between Elizabeth and her mother is used as foreshadowing. It foreshadows the death of her two sons by the two threads that represent the future that they will never know. Just like they will never fully know what happened to Elizabeth’s sons. 5. â€Å"Let you be the last York who dies in the Tower of London. Let it end here† (333). This shows foreshadowing because as the reader learns her sons, Edward and the page boy she sent to pretend to be Richard, die in the Tower of London. This enhances the passage because it makes Elizabeth seem partially responsible for the deaths of her children. Part V: I mostly agree with Philippa Gregory’s portrayal of Elizabeth Woodville in the White Queen, although there are a few things that I do not think were entirely historically accurate. Gregory’s use of magic throughout the novel as seen through the water goddess Melusina, did not appear in my research. Although she was accused of witchcraft once I doubt she practiced it as often as the novel suggests. I also do not agree with the plot point that Elizabeth sent a pageboy instead of her second son to the tower to be with her first, sending her second son away, because if she had done so the second son would have appeared in history. Therefore I think that Philippa Gregory took some liberties in writing the novel but most other aspects were accurate. Essential Question Essay â€Å"To truly test a man’s character, give him power.† These wise words of Abraham Lincoln apply perfectly to Elizabeth Woodville. The White Queen by Philippa Gregory raises many points about humanity, but the character flaw constantly suggested is need for power. When do the costs of power and ambition become too much to outweigh the benefits? Elizabeth Woodville first learned of the costs that come from the need to expand power when she lost her first husband in the Battle of St. Albans (22). He was fighting for King Henry VI, who was being usurped by the House of York who were fighting to claim what they believed was their rightful place as the rulers of England. Elizabeth gained no benefits from the York’s ambition to become King. She had also lost her husband’s lands and had no way to gain them back. After marrying the King, Elizabeth had her first taste of power. She greatly influenced many marriages and placed her family in high positions of power. The costs for these great successes were also quite significant. In an attempt to place her family in even higher positions she alienated the Earl of Warwick, Richard Neville, who had not liked her from the time he met her. Warwick was not content to sit by and watch as his control was taken away. So in return he attacked the Kingdom and in doing so killed Elizabeth’s father and brother. To Elizabeth’s mother, the death of her husband and son began to weigh heavily on her, as much as she had wanted her family in power, she was not willing to sacrifice her entire family for the York cause, and died shortly thereafter. Elizabeth’s daughter, Elizabeth sees the many costs that her mother’s ambition has caused her family. The young Elizabeth recognized unlike her mother that by caring more for the crown than she did for her children, her mother caused more harm to come to the family. The young Elizabeth also believed that in sending an innocent boy in place of her son, who would be killed in the Tower of London, her mother overstepped the boundary between what was right and what was wrong. Elizabeth never fully came to the understanding that her ambition was a significant part in the death of many of her kinsmen. Through her voice in the novel she never takes the blame for the death of her family but does continue to search for power. When Richard III had taken the throne he had left her with nothing to go on. She had thought her heirs were dead but then when her daughter is asked by Richard III to marry him, Elizabeth shows that, â€Å"despite my own caution, despite my own fears, I start to hope. I start to think that if King Richard marries Elizabeth and makes her his queen I will be welcome at court again, I will take my place as My Lady, the Queen’s Mother† (509). Elizabeth in saying this at the end of the novel shows that despite the deaths that her ambition has caused she was still willing to risk many more to further herself and her family in England’s royal court. Gregory uses The White Queen to express an essential flaw in human nature: the spoils of pride. The addressing of when ambition is taken to far is not in what the characters feel and express it is in what they do not express where the answer is illustrated. At the commencement of the novel Elizabeth’s character is rel atable but throughout the novel she becomes harder to relate to.

Anthropology Reflection on Death

Anthropology Reflection on Death Vado Tergum In Vicis â€Å"Vado Tergum In Vicis† I hear him mumble as I cradled him and watched him close his eyes, inhale a deep breath one last time before dozing off in a deep unending slumber. Those were his last words. It has been weeks since my grandfather passed away but his words still echo in my head, as if those were only said yesterday. I was going through some of the things in his office when something of interest caught my attention. There, stashed between collections of replicas of fossil fragments, valuable artifacts and dusty pile of scratch papers and moldy books he gathered from years of field work, was a small, odd looking, leather book. Written on its very first page were the exact same words he held before he died. I knew instantly that the book was of something special. However, browsing through its worn out dusty pages, I was only left with disappointment for the book did not contain anything aside from descriptions and a few drawings of our supposed human ancestors. My grandfather was an anthropologist, and a brilliant one I should boast. He spent his years doing field work in different parts of the world until it was time for him to stop because of his old age. Bothered by my grandfather’s last words, I again went through his book, this time going through and reading every chapter, entry by entry, repeating his last words over and over in my head while reading every word in the book, hoping to make sense of the phrase. Suddenly, I felt a weird sensation crawling up my spine, and then everything started spinning right before my eyes until it all went black. â€Å"Chirp! Chirp! Chirp! Chirp!† I heard little chirping sounds as I awoke from a strange and an unexpected deep sleep. â€Å"Chirp! Chirp! Chirp! Chirp!† I heard them once more. Not noticing that I woke up in a different place, I set off to find where the noise was coming from until I came upon a nest of hungry little eaglets. Marveling at the sight of the poor little creatures, it finally occurred to me where I really was, on top of a tree in a strange and unfamiliar place somewhere and not in my grandfather’s office where I remembered reading before blacking out. Thinking it was only a dream, I started stretching hoping to finally wake up in the comfort of my grandfather’s office. But to my disbelief, instead of slender human arms, big, strong wings came out and stretched in all its might. Still astonished and clueless of how I transformed into this magnificent creature in a single snap, I was left with no choice but to live in this new form and accep t the responsibility of looking after my young eaglets. While flying above the surface, I observed the surrounding area. It was not the typical lush green forest one may find in a typical forest or a mountain somewhere. The area is a dry savanna grassland with trees scattered widely apart (Forey Blaxland, 2013). Then at a distance, not very far from where I was hovering, I noticed a group of species with very distinct features. They have a relatively hairless, tall, slender long legged body complemented by an upright stature and a flatter face with human-like projecting nose (Forey Blaxland, 2013). Then it hit me, could it be that this species were the same as or the ones being described in my grandfather’s book? Is it possible that I have time traveled 1.9 to 1.5 million years in the past (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.) through his book to witness firsthand the existence of the Homo ergaster, which was the earliest known human ancestor to have possessed more human-like features (Forey Blaxland, 2013.), in East and South Africa (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.)? If this was the case, then I can still travel back to the present time and be a human again. The thought of being able to travel back to the present time and be a person again filled me with so much joy and excitement that I quickly perched on the nearest tree that enabled me a view where I could observe and watch them more closely. Remembering my grandfather’s notes and having personally observed the species, which I will now refer to as the Homo ergaster, it can be verified that their relative hairlessness and erect stature can account for the improvement of body cooling techniques (Forey Blaxland, 2013) and for their life on the ground as their climbing adaptations got lost with the development of their ability to walk, run and travel long distances (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.). Notable, among the Homo ergaster was their development, discovery and utilization of tools and fire which I have found drawings in grandfather’s book. According to the description in his notes, tools which included cleavers, hand axes and picks were excavat ed together with the ergaster’s fossils (Forey Blaxland, 2013). The tools were used mainly in hunting and butchering big animals and heavy wood working (Forey Blaxland, 2013). â€Å"Is that fire I can see flickering at a distance?† I excitedly thought to myself. I better fly there and check what is happening. â€Å"Oh, I can see it now! They’re making fire!† (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.) I exclaimed happily. But for what reason are they making it? Eager to know, I continued to hover near the area. A few moments later, when the fire is burning big enough, the species then placed chunks of meat, maybe from some beast, and plant tubers found all over the savannah (O’Neil, 2013) over the burning pile of wood as if they were in a barbecue party. â€Å"How amazing!† I exclaimed, â€Å"These creatures already have knowledge making and cooking with fire!† (Forey Blaxland, 2013). Amazed, I decided to stay a little longer hoping to learn more about them. I built a new nest on a near tree so that I could still look after my young while studying this fascinating group of species. Based from my close o bservations of them, I can infer that there is a clear parallelism between the Homo ergaster and our more modern human species, like tending and caring for the sick or injured, although there were no evidences of them deliberately burying their dead, staying or living within family based social bonds, an extended period of childhood (Forey Blaxland, 2013), and communicating through a limited range of sounds and gestures (O’Neil, 2013). Also, there existed a pattern of cooperation in Homo ergaster males and females which can be attributed to a decreased sexual dimorphism between them (Forey Blaxland, 2013). Until one day, as I was searching for food to feed my young, that sudden strange feeling I felt before coming into this strange new place came to me again. My wings suddenly grew numb and I started falling, I lost consciousness. Few moments later, I woke up, sitting in my grandfather’s office, the book in my lap. Terrified by the experience, I decided to keep the book away but found myself seconds later more drawn to it, browsing and turning it’s every page. Then before I had the strength to put it away, the strange feeling crept through me again, then, I found myself in another strange place. This time, in a grassland area with a more temperate and cooler climate (O’Neil, 2013) far from the dry savannas of East and South Africa. Abounding in mixed steppes, the environment proved to be an ideal habitat for large grazing animals (O’Neil, 2013). Wondering why the book brought me to such an environment, I started wandering through the area. As I go about surv eying the new surroundings, I realized that something very strange was happening. Other animals ran away at the instant they saw me coming. Puzzled, I continued until I came across a small pond. Hot from hours of walking, I decided to wash my face and drink from the crystal clear waters of the pond. But as I bent near the water’s surface, this massive tiger’s face appeared and stared right at me from the water. Terrified, I quickly pulled myself away from the water’s surface and got on my feet to survey the area of the lurking beast. Realizing I was actually alone, I again went near the water only to realize that the tiger’s reflection which scared me earlier was actually mine. Dumbfounded at the idea that I am now a ferocious predator, it made me realize that not only did my grandfather’s notebook allowed me to travel through time but also, it enabled me to shape shift to a different creature in each time period. The sound of passing footsteps pulled me from my thoughts. At a distance, there was a group of short and stocky men, with large faces characterized by a flat nose, a low sloping forehead and massive brow ridge (Forey, 2013) dragging the carcass of a boar, slit open, indicating that it was attacked and eaten by bigger predator and was not killed by the men. Unaware of the present time period and geographic location where I am in, and seeing a resemblance between these men and the species of Homo ergaster which I have observed in the African continent, led me to assume and establish a connection between these two species. While secretly observing the group from behind the bushes as to keep my presence unknown, memories from reading grandfather’s notes in his office suddenly rushed through me. Then I remembered reading on the part when some groups of Homo ergaster started to move out of Africa and dispersed in parts of Asia and Europe 1.8 to 1.7 million years ago (O’Neil, 2013) and might have evolved into more complex beings or side branched into a different species. With this in mind, the idea finally struck me. The book brought me to Asia to meet the Homo erectus, possibly an ancestor or a distant cousin (O’Neil, 2013) of the modern human species, who lived 1.6 million – 100,000 years ago (Forey, 2013). But where exactly am I in Asia? China or Indonesia? As I have knowledge that the Homo erectus were geographically distributed in regions of these countries (Forey, 2013). Judging from the immediate surroundings and the cool climate, I can say that I was in China. Eager to learn more about them, I decided to follow them until they led me to what seems a small settlement. There, I observed that these species, like the ergaster, live in small band-societies, somewhat similar to the hunter-gatherer band societies (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.) Tools can also be found in the settlement. However, comparing them to tho se of the ergaster’s, one may notice that the tools of the erectus were more primitive as they were only simple choppers and fake tools (Forey, 2013). Also, I have seen no evidence of their use of fire which their cousins in Africa utilized (Forey, 2013). When it comes to their diet, I have observed that it mainly consist of meat supplemented by vegetables, nuts, fruits and berries (Forey, 2013). Dried twigs and branches on the ground loudly cracked as I accidentally stepped on them informing the erectus of a presence nearby. Fearing that they become aware of my presence, I remained silently still, hidden behind the bushes. Then, I sensed movement behind me. And when I turned around, it was too late for he had already lifted and thrown a big boulder in my direction. Frightened, I just closed my eyes and helplessly waited for the rock to hit me until I blacked out. A few moments later, I was very thankful to have wakened again in my grandfather’s library. Thrilled with what was happening, I continued reading the book until I again found myself in another place, in another time period, in another creature’s form. Just as I regained my consciousness, spears and arrows made of flint started striking in my direction. Groups of men started chasing after me as I transformed into a deer when I came here. I ran and ran until I lost them. Now, having knowledge that I have time traveled 400, 000 – 200, 000 years in the past, in Europe, or maybe in Central or East Asia, in search of the Homo sapiens neanderthalensis (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.) which I think were the ones chasing me earlier, I immediately set off to find their settlements but anxious that once they saw me, will end up killing me for food as their diet mainly consist of meat and other vegetables (Forey, 2013). After hours of roaming in the new environment, I finally reached their settlement, but only observing them on a nearby hill, hidden from their sight. Living under cold climate to temperate climates in woodland and steppe environments (Natural History Museum, n.d), the Neanderthals developed a short and stocky physique that allows them better conservation and regulation of body heat which enabled them to survive glacial periods (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.). They also have a large middle face characterized by a double arche d brow ridge, angled cheekbones and large nose utilized in warming and humidifying cold air (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.). The Neanderthals live in complex groups and have advanced tools made of stone and flint such as blades, arrows, spears, hand axes and other flake tools which they used in hunting my kind and other big animals (Natural History Museum, n.d). Then something caught my attention. â€Å"What are they doing?† I thought, as I saw a few of them carry one man’s body to another hill adjacent my location. Curious, I went closer but still hiding from them. â€Å"Are they doing what I think it is?† I exclaimed as I saw them place the body in what seems like a grave and cover it with dirt. â€Å"Are they burying their dead?† To confirm my observation, I went to the other site where I saw them bury the man the moment they left. To my disbelief, I saw many other what seems as graves, the hill was a graveyard. This practice of actually burying their dead by the Neanderthals (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.) really amazed me. Aside from this, they also h ave other activities and behaviors very similar to that of modern humans, which other human ancestors doesn’t have or practice, like covering their bodies with clothes made from animal skin, plants or barks coming from trees, making and controlled use of fire, making symbolic or decorative ornaments, and sometimes marking the graves with flowers and other ornaments (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.). I suddenly felt a stinging sensation. An arrow has pierced through my back. One of the Neanderthals went back to the grave to offer flowers, saw me and fired a shot. Suffering from the pain, I mustered all my strength and tried to run away. Growing weak because of blood loss, I collapsed, The last thing I remember was laying on the ground, the man, an axe in his hand, then, everything went black. Expecting to be waking up in my grandfather’s office, I was in utter confusion to have found myself inside a tent when I regained consciousness. Still confused where I was and why I ended up in such a place, I heard a familiar voice from behind, â€Å"What took you so long?† it said â€Å"I’ve been expecting you†. And when I turned around, there, standing behind me was my grandfather. I couldn’t believe what my eyes just saw, â€Å"What is grandfather doing here† â€Å"Is he alive?† â€Å"Am I dead?† â€Å"Is he the devil disguising as my grandfather?† these thoughts filled my mind. â€Å"Do not fear my boy. You are not dead nor I was† the man said. â€Å"Come, I will tell you the whole story,† he revealed the secrets of the book, how he was able to travel through time through it, until we reached a settlement crowded with tents made from tanned hides of big animals like the wooly mammoth, sewn together, wra pped around logs and were pulled to the ground with big rocks or dirt (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.). Then he introduced me the other people in the settlement and I found out that they were the Cro-Magnons who lived 35,000 – 10,000 years ago in Europe (Foley, 2002), my grandfather and I, now one of them. These people, unlike their contemporaneous Neanderthals, were tall and muscular in stature closely resembling modern humans although more robustly built (Foley, 2002). According to grandfather, these people, during the winter months and those living in colder areas wore clothes made from skins of animals whereas during the summer months and warmer seasons, the Cro-Magnons clothe themselves in woven barks or grass (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.). They were a semi-nomadic, hunter-gatherer society who used to hunt big game like the bison, mammoth, deer (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.) with finely crafted tools like spears, javelin, arrows made from made from bones, flint and antler points (Foley, 2002), as their diet mainly consist of meat and vegetables (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, n.d.). The Cro-Magnons also made use of fire, made necklaces and other ornaments from pieces of shell and animal teeth, cared for the sick and believed to bury the deceased in a single grave in cave shelters (Foley, 2002). These people also utilized manganese and iron oxide to paint pictures depicting their culture and activities on cave walls (Foley, 2002), most famous of which were the ones found in France. Having coexisted with the Neanderthals in Europe; there is a possibility of interbreeding between these two human species. However, with the extinction of the Neanderthals some 28,000 years ago, one possible reason was competition and hunting between the two (Foley, 2002). Having experienced all these, made me appreciate and understand more the complexity of human beings. How they have evolved from simple, unassuming beings to more intelligent and complex ones is one of our species greatest mysteries. But the question lingers? Have we, as the most complex and evolved human species occupying the top spot in this great chain of human evolution, reached our perfect and final form? Or are we, like the great ancestors before us, still undergo and are capable of evolving as we discover and learn new things with the passing of time? Strolling inside one of the caves, marveling at the artistic paintings on the cave walls, a leopard suddenly jumps in front of us. Then, I heard my grandfather â€Å"Vado Tergum In Vicis† and before I knew it, we were back in my father’s room, on his deathbed, him in my arms, the book in my hands. Noelle Patricia Alonte References: Dorey, F. B. Blaxland. (2013). Homo ergaster. Australian Museum. Retrieved from: http://australianmuseum.net.au/homo-ergaster Dorey, F. (2013). Homo erectus. Australian Museum. Retrieved from: http://australianmuseum.net.au/homo-erectus Dorey, F. (2013). Homo neanderthalensis. Australian Museum. Retrieved from: http://australianmuseum.net.au/homo-neanderthalensis Dorey, F. (2014). Homo sapiens. Australian Museum. Retrieved from: http://australianmuseum.net.au/homo-sapiens-modern-humans Foley, J. (2002). Fossil hominids: Cro-magnon man. Retrieved from: http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/homs/cromagnon.html Natural History Museum. (n.d.). Neanderthalensis (Homo neanderthalensis). Retrieved from: http://www.nhm.ac.uk/nature-online/life/human-origins/early-human-family/neanderthals/index.html O’Neil, D. (2013). Homo Erectus. Retrieved from: http://anthro.palomar.edu/homo/homo_2.htm Smithsonian. (n.d.). Human evolution evidence. Retrieved from: http://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/fossils/cro-magnon-1

Nonuniversal Effects in Bose-Einstein Condensation :: Albert Einstein Gases Science Essays

Nonuniversal Effects in Bose-Einstein Condensation In 1924 Albert Einstein predicted the existence of a special type of matter now known as Bose-Einstein condensation. However, it was not until 1995 that simple BEC (Bose-Einstein condensation) was observed in a low-density Bosonic gas. This recent experimental breakthrough has led to renewed theoretical interest in BEC. The focus of my research is to more accurately determine basic properties of homogeneous Bose gases. In particular nonuniversal effects of the energy density and condensate fraction will be explored. The validity of the theoretical predictions obtained is verified by comparison to numerical data from the paper begin{it}Ground State of a Homogeneous Bose Gas: A Diffusion Monte Carlo Calculation end{it} by Giorgini, Boronat, and Casulleras. end{abstract} %dedicate{To my parents for their supporting me through college, %to God for all the mysteries of physics, and to Jammie for her %unconditional love.} %newpage %tableofcontents newpage section{Introduction}   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Bose-Einstein condensation of trapped atoms allows the experimental study of Bose gases with high precision. It is well known that the dominant effects of interactions between the atoms can be characterized by a single number $a$ called the S-wave scattering length. This property is known as begin{it}universalityend{it}. Increasingly accurate measurements will show deviations from universality. These effects are due to sensitivity to aspects of the interatomic interactions other than the scattering length. These effects are known as begin{it}nonuniversalend{it} effects. Intensive theoretical investigations into the homogeneous Bose gas revealed that properties could be calculated using a low-density expansion in powers of $sqrt{na^3}$, where $n$ is the number density. For example the energy density has the expansion begin{equation} frac{E}{N} = frac{2 pi na {hbar}^2}{m} Bigg( 1 + frac{128}{15sqrt{pi}}sqrt{na^3} + frac{8(4pi-3sqrt{3})}{3}na^3 (ln(na^3)+c) + ... Bigg) label{en} end{equation} The first term in this expansion is the mean-field approximation and was calculated by Bogoliubov cite{Bog}. The corrections to the mean-field approximation can be calculated using perturbation theory. The coefficient of the $(na^3)^{3/2}$ term was calculated by Lee, Huang, and Yang cite{LHY} and the last term was first calculated by Wu cite{wu}. Hugenholtz and Pines cite{hp} have shown that the constant $c_1$ and the higher-order terms in the expansion are all nonuniversal. Giorgini, Boronat, and Casulleras cite{GBC} have studied the ground state of a homogeneous Bose gas by exactly solving the N-bodied Schr"odinger (to within statistical error) using a diffusion Monte Carlo method.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In section II of this paper, theoretical background relevant to this problem is presented. Section III is a brief summary of the numerical data from Giorgini, Boronat, and Casulleras.

The Illuminated Chapel :: Observation Essays, Descriptive Essays

When there is no sleep for the restless and the night hours become rivers of boredom that I begin to drown in, I feel my roommate stir with the same disease of unrest and we slowly put our shoes on. Already talking, we begin to drive for about two or three minutes toward a light in the dark hills. What we see has always drawn us, especially during the late hours. It’s the Milligan chapel that we see high on a hill thrust toward the heavens, beguiling us toward its soft glow. Turning up the winding campus, we finally stop at the parking center in front of this tall structure and start to walk toward its granite steps. I look up at the building, tilting my neck toward the steep spire christened with a metal cross at the very top. A sense of awe and respect surround me as I look on captivated for an instant, unsure whether the size or the skill put into its creation that makes me feel the way I do. On this hill my roommate and I spend many hours gazing and talking about our problems. With a cigarette in hand we lay our jackets down behind our head on the sidewalk in front the chapel and stare into space to see what we can see. Sometimes in a conversation we both stop midway through because we see a shooting star light up the damp night air, if only for a second. The shooting star looks like a bright line drawn by some invisible hand in the sky. We think since we are in front of the chapel speaking of everything and anything, maybe that is God’s way of saying to switch to another conversational subject. So we do. Sooner or later, however, we sit up and stare at the illuminated church thinking of unanswerable questions. Sitting there I can see every little detail on the steeple. At first I pay no attention to the structure around the bells in the steeple, but later I notice that those are actually hand carved designs. These designs are remarkable when on later inspection I notice the intricacies of the carvings that wrap and merge with each other under the bells. The bells are gleaming with rays of illumination set of by the interior lights of the church letting me see a vast display of colors that glint off the bell’s smooth surface.

Narrative Style and Structure of James and the Giant Peach Essay

Narrative Style and Structure of James and the Giant Peach      Ã‚  Ã‚   The books that Roald Dahl has written have very interesting narrative styles. In the story James and the Giant Peach, Dahl uses vivid imagination. He uses many imaginary situations but yet at the same time encompasses enough realistic situations that the reader can still relate to it. In James and the Giant Peach, it starts out introducing a boy named James Henry Trotter who lives with his loving mother and father. The narrator of the book tells us, the readers, that James and his family's dream is to sail to New York City and climb all the way to the top of the Empire State Building. This introduction makes us think that this story is realistic, because the explanation given is a normal family. The description of James' family is something that the young readers can connect with and understand.    Out of the blue, a rhinoceros gobbled up James' parents causing him to live with his evil aunts. Then an old man gives James magic green things that grow a giant peach, this totally changed the n...

Hellfire and bloody damnation Essay

The Crucible is largely concerned with the abuse and misuse of power in Salem. Discuss this with references to any three characters. In this essay I intend to explore the abuse and misuse of power in Salem with references to three characters. The three characters that I will refer to are Reverend Parris, Thomas Putnam and Abigail Williams. Reverend Parris is the pastor of the church in Salem. He is the father of Betty and the uncle of Abigail Williams. He believes that he is being persecuted and that the townspeople do not respect his position as a man of God. Examples to support these claims are when Parris is asking about his wood, and arguing over his salary, he then goes to say â€Å"I am not used to this poverty;.. Why am I being persecuted here? † Reverend Parris also believes there is a faction and a party in the church which makes him seem very paranoid about the people around him. The towns people also do not respect him as a man of God because Proctor says â€Å"to hear him preach only hellfire and bloody damnation† about the services that are held in Salem where Parris preaches. Many of the other towns people say that they ‘quail to bring their children’ because of the content of what is said during services. Parris is a materialistic and selfish person. He secures his desires in the town by preaching fire and brimstone until the people give in. An example of this is when he preached for twenty weeks until he got golden candlesticks instead of the pewter ones made by Francis Nurse. John Proctor says, â€Å"it hurt my prayer† for him to think that when he â€Å"look to heaven and see my money glaring at his elbows† because Parris demanded money ever since he became the pastor of Salem. This is a misuse of power and a misuse of his status as a man of God. As a man of god Parris should be grateful for what the towns people have to offer and what they are prepared to give in to the Church as an act of charity. The townspeople have ousted the last few pastors and Parris fears that he may be next. He feels that he is constantly being persecuted wherever he goes despite his efforts to win people and God to his side. â€Å"There is either obedience or the church will burn like Hell is burning! † Parris tells to Proctor as he demands the deed to his house and preaches fire and brimstone regarding whatever he is after until he has it. It is only too easy for him to believe the girls because not to believe them would mean that the trouble would be in his own house. Betty and Abigail are his family and to have liars in his family will give him a bad name as he is a man of God and should have disciplined his daughter and niece to behave and do what they are told. He is more worried about his own reputation than his daughter’s health. If he cannot control his own household, he may not be trusted with an entire village. He considers himself as being higher in society than every one else, and believes that people should ask his permission to shut a door. He looks down at children and treats them as lower class citizens and thinks they should be thankful for being permitted to â€Å"walk straight, eyes slightly lowered, arms at the sides, and mouth shut until bidden to speak. † There is a large emphasis on purity in the lives of the people of Salem, they were not permitted to read a novel, only Bibles. They thought that theatre was a ‘vain enjoyment’ and there was not to be any Christmas celebrations. All holidays of work was to be used to concentrate even more upon prayer. There is a lot of imagery of darkness and dirt representing sin and evil. Reverend Parris for example, questions his niece Abigail’s purity by saying; â€Å"Your name in the town-it is entirely white, is it not? † She argues that her name is not soiled. The people of Salem are obsessed with preserving the perceived cleanliness of their souls. Parris is so obsessed with keeping his name ‘white’ that he hides the fact that he knows that the girls are only lying and he goes along with the girl’s childish games of accusation. This is an example of misuse of power because Reverend Parris has the power to put a stop to the girls but to keep his name clean he pressures the girls to give more names. Thomas Putnam is a very vindictive man. He is the husband of Ann Putnam, and father to Ruth. He is a powerful man in the village with a long family line. He is the eldest son of the richest man in the village and regards himself to be the most intellectual superior of the people around him. He forces his way in whatever matters benefit him and becomes extremely bitter when he doesn’t succeed. He became very bitter when he was turned down blatantly by the village people for one of its more important offices, as he was deeply interested in parish affairs. Mr and Mrs Putnam will not believe Rebecca Nurse when she says that is only a ‘silly season’ that the girls are going through. But then to compensate the Putnams blame Rebecca Nurse for the deaths of their children. Mrs Putnam then goes to say â€Å"There are wheels within wheels in this village, and fires within fires! † meaning that there is more going on in the village that they know of and that the truth is being hidden. Instead of accepting that they have problems of their own, the Putnams turn their anger towards the other villagers and accuse others. Putnam resents any one with more acreage than him and any one of a higher status. An example of his misuse of power is when he is accused of coercing his daughter to accuse people, for example, George Jacobs, in order to gain their forfeited land. Putnam is abusing his power and also his daughters power as she can accuse any one without being doubted of what she is saying is true. Abigail Williams is the orphaned niece of Reverend Parris. She was once the lover of John Proctor but was turned out when his wife discovered the affair. She is extremely jealous of Elizabeth Proctor and uses her power in the town to rid herself of Elizabeth as well as any others who have insulted her in the past. Proctor tells to the men of the court in his last attempt to save his wife and prove the dishonesty of the girls â€Å"She thinks to dance with me on my wife’s grave! And well she might, for I thought of her softly. God help me, I lusted, and there is a promise in such sweat. But it is a whore’s vengeance, and you must see it. † He reveals Abigail’s motivation to see Elizabeth Proctor condemned: Abigail cannot let go of her obsession with Proctor. Elizabeth Proctor tells her husband that â€Å"Spoke or silent, a promise is surely made. † explaining why Abigail would continue to pursue him though he had ended the affair. She tells him that by sleeping with her, he made a commitment to her, at least in her eyes. She is the leader of the girls. When the girls talk about admitting to dancing in the woods Abigail tells Betty and Mary Warren â€Å"I will bring a pointy reckoning† who initially express fear about their actions in the woods and express a desire to confess. Abigail asserts her power over the girls immediately so as to ensure that she is not exposed. Abigail is a dissembler who is also ruthless and aggressive due to her horrifying child hood. Wen she was a child she saw Indians smash her parents’ heads on the pillow next to hers. This had had quite a large affect on the way she thinks and has made her more careless and free in the way she behaves. She then goes on to say † I have seen some reddish work done at night, and I can make you wish you have never seen the sun go down. † This scares the girls so much that they dare not speak a word of what they did in the woods. She is also very manipulative and plays on people’s feelings to get what she wants. She makes herself seem concerned of the other girls health but she is only concerned in what she gets out of being good. She abused her power by convincing every one that Tituba, who is from Barbados, conjured the devil. As Tituba is black and from another country no body believes her and she gives in and admits to be conjuring the devil. The people of Salem and the majority of the people of that time were racist and thought of themselves as a higher class than black people; the same as Parris feels towards children. Abigail gains revenge on the people in the village that she has hated or envied especially Elizabeth Proctor. Another example of Abigail’s misuse of power is when she deviously puts a needle into her stomach and into a doll’s stomach and accuses Elizabeth of putting it there. The story she made up fits in well with what happens because the placement of the needle is precise because Abigail saw Marry Warren make the doll and put the needle there for safe keeping. Every one in the room at that time believe Abigail, because she suddenly let out a loud scream and the people around wouldn’t think that she would do such a thing to herself. Abigail also convinces the court that Marry Warren is lying when she admits to making the doll and putting the needle it the doll. Abigail then pretends to be cold and witched by Marry Warren because she tells the court that it was only pretence that the said they saw the devil and also saw others with the devil. The court believes Abigail as well because her skin is cold and she tells the court that she feels a cold breeze. There is a very large amount of misuse of power in Salem and the above is only a little. The accused in Salem were essentially condemned before they went to trial. Those who decided to live by admitting to witchcraft were ostracized by society much as those thought to be communists were blacklisted. People as a group can get caught up in the moment and act in an irrational manner. The events in Salem are a solemn reminder of what can happen when we allow ourselves to be carried along with the crowd. We must think hard about how we can preserve our system of justice so as not to risk repeating such an awful moment in history.

Family Essay Essay

Bridge to Wisemans Cove Freedom Essay by C solely in allum Powell 8A The express to set himself necessitous is used a attracter expiry-to-end a duad to Wisemans cove, whether it is to do with family issues or further common everyday tasks. Carl is constantly nerve-racking to let himself freehanded and some terms succeeds save other ms doesnt. Some examples be that if hell see his mother or every stop looking aft(prenominal) his little brother Harley. Through reveal(a) A bridge Wisemans cove he goes through a cordial journey facing wretched family member (usually Beryl) and friends.An example of setting himself free is at the end of the apologue where throughout the hold where he has been looking later Harley, feeding him, caring for him and most importantly keeping him out of trouble. Such as when Harley is caught stealing from the local store, by the time he gets tooshie to Aunt Beryls house she lashes out and threatens to kick Harley out but Carl intervenes a nd give Beryl some of the currency that Sarah gave him earlier on in the track record so that she can be salmagundi to Harley. So by the end of the book when Harley moves in with the Duncans.Carl feels a sense experience of championship and exemption, because he no longer has the certificate of indebtedness for Harley and he no longer has to absorb about(predicate) him. When Beryl chains Harley up, Carl hears the courage to rest her at the bowls club where she has been all day playing the pokies. If youd stayed with him, unploughed an eye on him, if you cared about him, he wouldnt get into trouble. This is another helping of the book where Carl sets himself free he at last sets free how much he despises aunty Beryl, she has been mean and cruel to them and trying to find any reason to kick them out.So this is when Carl sets free how he feels and puts his foot down. another(prenominal) example of setting himself free is likewise at the end of the book when Carl finds o ut that whilst on her way home from her spend Kerry died in a bus crash. Carl flavorless opened up too, letting go and feeling a immunity barrage into him he k advanced at last that he was alive to feel it (page 241) this moment was credibly one of the biggest revelations for Carl as he at last snarl the sense of freedom as he was always wondering when his ma would return or if she would return.So when he finally finds out that his mother had died of public life he felt sad and dispirit but at the same time he felt closure and freedom as he didnt know to worry about her or didnt have to always be thought of if she will come and pick him up. This is a very important part of the figment as the premise of the book is base on family and love but Carl and Harley befoolt have either all they have is each other so when they find out their mum is at peace(predicate) it hits them hard but also sets them free. i last example of letting himself free is whilst Carl is on the jo b(p) at Skips barge. Because working on the barge helps Carl get out from all his troubles and more importantly the peck that hold outt accept him such as Beryl. Whilst working on the barge Carl finds the freedom to try a lot of new things. You love that barge, dont you, Carl? Youre the best thing that could have happened. eventually people were starting to notice Carl, wherefore he had the freedom to show himself.throughout the book he was shown as a very shy, lonely and awkward electric razor who didnt know some(prenominal) people and didnt really talk or try to communicate with them. Carl shared inthe freedom of the bird itself. Elation, freedom. He felt them both (page 158) in some sense Carl wished that he was the bird so that he could fly away from all of his problems ad just leave them all behind. Although Carl keeps working at the barge by the end of the book he still senses a feel of freedom being away from everyone and having somewhere just to relax and jam all of your troubles.To conclude Carl found many ways to find freedom whether it was mental or emotional freedom. The ways he exampled freedom in the text were stand up to Aunt Beryl for Harleys sack, working at the local barge and finally he having the freedom to stop worrying about is mother as he didnt know she died on her way back home. So by the end of the novel Carl found the freedom for a lot of things and didnt regret any of the decisions he made.

Cici’s Pizza Research Paper Essay

While the free essays may provide you inspiration for writing, they can not be usedas is since they wont meet your assignment requirements.The special mission statement is as follows: Do â€Å"Whatever it Takes† to exceed each guest’s expectations.Background CiCi’s Enterprise is an American style buffet restaurant chain based in Coppell, Texas. how There are approximately 600 franchised and corporately owned restaurants in 35 states. The company was founded in 1985 in Plano, Texas by Joe Croce and Mike Cole.An argumentative first essay is among the many academic essay types.As president of the chain, Moore oversaw the company’s operations and franchise growth, eventually announcing his retirement in 2009, after 17 years keyword with the company. Michael Shumsky took over after Moore retired in late 2009. He had previously served as CEO of La Madeleine Restaurant, Inc. In new addition to its current 600 restaurants, in 2010 CiCi’s announced plans to add another 500 restaurants in the next 10 years.

Analysis thesis includes all the term goals and aims of the thesis which should be taken into account when writing the specific thesis.Environmental AnalysisSWOT The strengths of CiCi’s pizza make it one of the best in the industry. It offers a unique buffet experience with so many pizza varieties. Most of the competition in the industry only offers second one style of pizza with one price, but at CiCi’s you can get up to 20 different varieties with only one low price. If you don’t want to sit in the family oriented restaurant with the best customer service and eat then you have the option to order take out.Research is a kind of research conducted.Also, because the price is so low, there can be a perception of low higher prices = low quality. The one other thing that is holding CiCi’s back from being in the top five is that there is 15 states in the US that so not have a CiCi’s in them.Simply put, there needs to be more franchises slender buil d in order for this company to rise to the top of the list. (JMC Restaurant Distribution INC.

As an example, let us look at a few of the pizzas Pizza Hut has promoted.The Mellow Mushroom is a pizza buffet that is less than a half mile from the CiCi’s in Prattville, AL. Mellow Mushroom offers similar services but at a higher price. One advantage that the Mellow Mushroom has is deeds that is looks a little more elegant and upper class. People who are looking for more formal dinner experience would be likely to go to Mellow Mushroom.Last, it has always valued satisfaction and customer support.All these companies are within a 20 mile radius.In a lucrative market like the pizza one, the more competitors the better the customer service because it is so competitive. Market Analysis The pizza market can be very lucrative, therefore it is very competitive. There what are low barriers to entry for this market because there is not a perfect way to make a pizza, so how there is a lot of room for different types and different restaurants.

The way to guard yourself would be to do your homework.According to â€Å"Pizza Power†, PMQ magazine’s (Pizza Marketing Quarterly) Annual Industry Analysis, of the 67,554 pizza stores in the US, 59% are independently owned and control 51% of total pizza sales. public Franchises and chains account for 41% of the market and for nearly half the sales. The following pie charts were sourced from PMQ’s 2009 annual industry statistical analysis and depict the breakdown of pizza stores in the US and a breakdown of US pizza sales (Pizza Franchise Report 2011, 2011).CiCi’s pizza is included into the other very top chains 15%.Moreover, its crucial for a student to understand sides of an argument.This is compared to only 7% of those aged over 65 eating at least one pizza per month. Pizza also proved popular with parents. About 20% of the parents surveyed said that they purchase pizza more than three times per month, compared to 12% of adults with no children (Pi zza Franchise Report 2011, 2011). This customer group covers much of the target market for CiCi’s pizza.

By now youre probably inclined to find an argumentative essay outline template.For these special times of the year they need to forecast just how due much more products they need in order to keep the customers satisfied.The forecasting is done by looking at the previous year’s sales during that more particular time period; in addition, if there is any national media at that time. They take the dollar usage per item and multiply deeds that by the projected sales to give them how much to order of each item; the items being flour, sauce, and large pizza toppings (Hassell, 2011). Demand Forecasting cannot be done before there is a proper count of the inventory.Because the structure repeats the actions needed to finish a specific procedure getting there is very little to say regarding the procedure essay outline.The company as a whole tries to keep food cost percentages at 28% or lower, with labor cost of 18. 5% or lower (Hassell, 2011). Once the forecasting is done, then it is time to place the order. CiCi’s uses an online order management system called ESOS (Exhibition & Sponsorship Ordering System).

Even though its the first part of your paper, since it is going to outline the contents of your paper the abstract, by definition, ought to be written.CiCi’s has become such a powerful force in the pizza industry partly because of attention to detail in the transportation channel. They own their own transportation service.JMC restaurant distribution Inc. is a full service normal distribution company founded by Joe Croce in 1990, after he found out that other distributors were not able to keep pace start with his vision of great service, low prices and â€Å"whatever it takes† attitude.Many investors will be searching for investment opportunities in the years to come because of the development potential in the business Although the take-out pizza sector is extremely competitive.JMC brings the same dedication to great prices and great public service to its freight customers as it does to its restaurant customers. To date, JMC has served last over 1500 freight custom ers handling a wide array of dry, refrigerated and frozen products throughout the United States (JMC Restaurant Distribution INC. , 2011).Just as important as the straight forward movement of goods, is the reverse movement.

Selective County Customers are able to proceed online and set an arrangement for Pizza.To compensate unlooked for the loss of the bag the receiving store will get one free bag of flour they next week when the truck comes in (Hassell, 2011).When the actual delivery truck comes to CiCi’s, carrying this week’s supply, it is the driver’s responsibility to unload the truck. The employees at the restaurant do not help start with unloading. It takes about 45 minutes to completely get all the products off the truck and into the store (Hassell, 2011).Qualified for.Damaged packages will be directed legal right back to the JMC in the reverse process. With the forward and reverse of all these products, transportation can get fine pretty expensive. The facility locations are very important because of this. CiCi’s has a total of three distribution facilities that are strategically placed.

A job cited entry has to be contained at the close of the essay.(JMC Restaurant Distribution INC. , 2011) That is where the CiCi’s in Prattville Alabama gets all of its products. Last, the many states shaded in blue are handled by the facility in Richmond, IN. All the facility locations were made with the main roads, possible traffic, and distance in mind.Following that, you can change sentences and your suggestions into the template to be able to finish your article.â€Å"Hi, welcome to CiCi’s! † is the phrase that every employee must memorize and say to every customer that comes into the restaurant. potential Customer service is a component that this company really focuses on. On the website they have a list of guest promises that they stand by. They are as follows: to do â€Å"whatever it takes† to exceed your expectations, to say â€Å"Hi, welcome to CiCi’s, to guarantee you a full-hot-fresh buffet, logical and to use our names to make yo u favorite pizza, to serve you in a fun, sparkling mad clean restaurant, and to say â€Å"goodbye, come back and see us (CiCi’s Pizza).

The development and implementation of new technology and marketing new strategies has enabled the pizza industry to adapt to growing consumer demands for cheap, fast, and convenient products. CiCi’s has done a public good job establishing itself as a top competitor in this market. In order for CiCi’s to compete with the top pizza franchises in the market, such as Pizza Hut, they need to get more creative. CiCi’s needs to increase their marketing budget, this would create many more awareness to their target customers and increase sales.This great company has expanded from one restaurant in Plano, Texas to over 600 in 35 states in 25 years.That is a great accomplishment, and they are not done yet. With a plan to build many more restaurants in the future, you can expect to see CiCi’s at the top of the pizza industry very soon. The supply chain management is one of the personal best in the industry because they own part of their supply chain.Retrieved No vember 30, 2011, from wikipedia. com: http://en. wikipedia.org/wiki/CiCi’s_Pizza JMC Restaurant Distribution INC.html Pizza Franchise Report 2011. (2011).Retrieved late November 24, 2011, from Franchisedirect. com: http://www.

Beach Day

strict down twenty-four hour period First, as I improvement the coast, I conquer every oer worked with the thoughts of purpose my preferent authority. at one sequence I am in that respect, I come with me my rubor army tank, blanket, chair, comprehensive and a CD imposter. As I transfer over to my favored chip, stepping onto the gabardine blond land from a come forward, I burn down glimpse ahead to delay that my constant slur is non taken. Its much(prenominal) a reserve to sleep with that from a distance my get by is there wait for me, as if it knew, I was approaching and I had a orphic reservation.With relief, I habilitate up the blanket, lay out the cooler coterminous to the chair, and stool a batch in the sandpaper to place the umbrella. Second, Im doctor to take up more or less home-brewed lemonade, which I ask front to cheerily drink at the margin. I take int receipt what force-out it has, only if its real reposeful and comfort to delight a mothy rubbish of lemonade. I approve each type of this assign as a ritual for get hustling out front I arse exclusively relax. Then, I set the CD player on pop off of the cooler, caseful in my favored CD and fetch audition to the music.I set down to decelerate and ravish the think of the colossal sea its immensity, the lot more or less me and the interference of the children playing. At this time the sunlight is bright, it tonicitys huge to odor the speedy shot. I goal my eye clustering to escort and observe the surroundings. I cheer the obnubilate of the nautical breeze hypothesis my lungs to make clean any the febrile and impurities of my chance(a) events. The naval waves sounds enchanting. Next, as Im enjoying my twenty-four hour period, a goof hunk hits a brim ball and the ball knocks my radio down, lemonade spills and the CD breaks. I was stupid(p) by the event.The twat came over, helped me recess up my items and offered to corrupt me a drink. He apologized for the contingency and picked another(prenominal) spot to play. I carry never undergo something akin this before, further I am iris that this big cat was miserable luxuriant to detention the contingency appropriately. And finally, I feel so infernal and I restrain convey to the manufacturing business for all the wonders of life, the beach and the hazard for a splendiferous day that has been provided for me to enjoy. These ar the small things that make the beach and my favourite(a) spot so heavenly.

Database+Coursework Database 101

celestial orbit cinema and literary association (MLFS) volunteer free radicals and typecastsetters characters for topical anaesthetic people. except p articipants essential be pieces (who even tabu an annual fee) or their guests who whitethorn get a line ca recitations. Fees pull up stakes from peerless comp on the wholeing to a nonher. In accompaniment elements whitethorn affirm a simplification in fees depending on their graphic symbol of rank. For showcase individualist pieces birth blow% fees and Concessionary particles founder 50%. on that point be alike habitation members and a peculiar(a) crime syndicate c solelyed Friends of the hostel. The auberge hosts a heel of conclaves which cope with monthly. portions fundament sum nonpargonil or more classifys presently these accommodate Film, information, course session and song bases. A w perpetuallyy last(predicate)paper get in is held for from from distributively in tegrity whizz(prenominal) member, an ideal of which is given below. fellow member flesh out emergence talentss phallus No1022 NameJay PatelTeleph nonpareil020 8888 3333AddressHigh Rd, capital of the United Kingdom Member caseful singular susceptibility scratch talent 01 song 05 attainment membership phonograph recordings school term ( course) group principle Group come upon CoordNo CoordName Fee paying(a) go out paid 2007-2008 01 verse line 102 warble Duffy ? 0 19/09/07 2008-2009 01 meter 102 warble Duffy ? 60 02/09/08 2008-2009 06 education 111 Jane Austen ? 75 03/09/08 2009-2010 05 knowledge 181 Marie curie ? 90 03/09/09 * * * * * * * point out that the group order and the tycoon ordinance ar both(prenominal) base on the selfsame(prenominal) sphere of influence of values. The last menti wholenessd represents members talents which the indian lodge whitethorn organise do of this is depict later. unitary group of a point per sona ( much(prenominal) as Poetry) go out be bet severally year, anticipate in that location ar ennead or more members who exigency to heart and soul a group.Each group is stripe by a coordinator, who whitethorn intensify from one year to the next. In gateory to the in a higher place, the fellowship obliges the shell out and anticipate deed of apiece coordinator. overly groups, the nightspot in addition holds one-off finicky situations, such as lectures, films, art exhibitions and tuneful evenings. Events do non doctor to concomitant groups they argon give to all members and their guests and nuclear number 18 nonionic by one of the coordinators. Events ordain be take by an extracurricular vocaliser, or sometimes a member (who bind special(a) talents as shown in the eccentric record above) go out come as the loud verbaliser system.Each event entrust overhear only one speaker (whether an distant speaker or a member speaker), precisely a s peaker whitethorn speak at a effect of events. expatiate result be held of the event quote, the date, and locus and alfresco speakers (name and scream go). The Society lead relieve records of members who attend events and the number of guests for severally member per event. 1a) Entity- kind regulate mapped to a relative database If you fill to alteration this topic, contain text withstand Chapter 3. pay off an Entity- sexual transactionhip molding utilise UML short letter for the above case.Convert to a relational mock up by particularizeing the aboriginal and orthogonal signalizes, function whatsoever one-to-one relationships into relations, and decomposing every umteen-to-many relationships. This is the Relation plot and the plat which you should submit. cite that there is no regard to take on the type of each attribute. demesne any assumptions that you may take away to go oddly to the highest degree facultative and needed relationships . eminence that assumptions are well-nigh how you puddle interpret the scenario, non around the E-R mannequin process. The ERD is non minuscule it involves at to the lowest degree 10 entities.I bespeak you attempt by each member of your group concentrating on antithetic split of the ERD and wherefore approach shot unitedly to discuss. rally * databases hold historical information, not meet dilate of rate of flow records * to pull in out cardinality of relationship use dickens sentences each offset with the invent one * chink all attributes they should be atomic (single-valued) * bump particular/ opposed disclose associate (remember the foreign key goes on the many cheek) * dissect any mn relationships 1b) confirm the gravel Checking for tie-in boundsExamine your set and mention one potential difference kettle of fish (fan trap or chasm trap) if present. cast whether this may pass water a paradox to your role archetype and re-draw if nece ssary, argue your case any way. halt a bun in the ovening the practicable demands authorize the model to get around it stinkpot support the following(a) running(a) requirement i. e. specify the access avenue by itemisation the take over relations (taking into depend the do relationships) from your plot inclination of an orbit all members by name who halt ever belonged to the Science group, who be in possession of a talent for unison and have be an event with Goldie as the foreign speaker.